ABSTRACT
Computer Graphics in two dimensions is grounded on simple transformations of the plane. Turtle Graphics and LOGO are based on conformal transformations; Affine Graphics and CODO on affine transformations. The turtle uses translation, rotation, and uniform scaling to navigate on the plane, and traces of the turtle’s path generate a wide variety of shapes, ranging from simple polygons to complex fractals. Affine Graphics uses affine transformations to position, orient, and scale objects as well as to model shape. The vertices of simple figures like polygons and stars are typically positioned using translation and rotation; ellipses are generated by scaling circles nonuniformly along preferred directions; fractals are built using iterated function systems.
