ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the processes, governing equations, and solution methods for convective heat transfer. Conservation of mass, momentum, and energy, including mechanical, internal, and total energy, are investigated. The nondimensional form of equations is analyzed with the Buckingham–Pi Theorem. Boundary layer equations are presented with analogies between heat and momentum exchange. For a flat plate boundary layer, a scaling method is described, as well as integral and similarity solution methods. Other external flow configurations include flow past a wedge, cylinder in cross flow, sphere, and tube bundles. Internal flow in tubes is presented. Free convection over a flat plate and sphere are described and analyzed with a body gravity function method. An introduction to turbulence briefly describes the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes Equations, eddy viscosity, mixing length, and one- and two-equation models. In addition, entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics are presented, as well as the concepts of the apparent entropy production difference and dimensionless entropy production number.
