ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we continue to apply the reflections of the previous chapter to conventional internal combustion engines: gas turbines as well as reciprocating gasoline, gas and diesel engines.
The variants of gas turbine cycle are essentially regeneration and staged compression with intercooling or staged expansion with reheat. We also study turbojets which are in fact variations of the gas turbine open cycle, with a diffuser and a nozzle.
We then present the operating principles of reciprocating internal combustion engines: four stroke and two stroke spark ignition and diesel motors. After discussing briefly the analysis of their cycles and then their overall performance, we study in more detail the consequences of combustion chemical kinetics on the operation and design of these two categories of engines. A brief discussion on turbochargers follows, then we examine how emissions of pollutants can be controlled, thanks to modern injection systems including lambda sensor and three-way catalytic purification converters for gasoline engines.
