ABSTRACT
SUMMARY
This briefing explores anti-fraud measures (AFMs) in Eastern Africa (Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Madagascar). The second of a three-part briefing series, it complements previous accounts of AFMs in southern Africa and confirms key AFM features that the authors previously identified concerning typical actors and their alliances, major sectors, fraud types and measures against fraud. The evidence suggests an expansion of anti-fraud agencies and initiatives, collecting and sharing more data within and across borders; of official governance of financial and product flows; and of efforts by AFM actors to enable the detection of genuine products, with related controversies among actors with divergent views and interests.
