ABSTRACT
Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Everything (IoE) are the technologies that have had the greatest impact on human lives in the past two decades. The term “IoT” was coined by Kevin Ashton in 1999. However, it was first implemented in 1984 when a Coke machine in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was connected to the internet. The availability of the contents of the Coke machine could be checked on the internet. The pace with which this technology has advanced from a simple internet-connected Coke machine in 1984 to Google home voice controllers in 2023 is really impactful. “IoE” is a comparatively a new term coined by Cisco Systems in 2013. IoE can be considered a broader term that includes smart IoT-enabled things, networks, people, data, and processes. This chapter presents an overview of IoT and IoE fundamentals, architectural layers, and application areas.
