ABSTRACT
The production of crop plants represents a huge challenge today since the plants are subjected at some point in their development to some stressful conditions that can limit their productivity. In particular, biotic stress can severely affect the productivity of crop plants, mainly due to the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. These pathogens can induce crop plant losses of up to 100%, depending on the crop and its phenological stage. Therefore, finding alternatives to protect crops from the attack of pathogenic microorganisms becomes a fundamental task for agriculture. Nanotechnology has allowed the development and use of materials on a nanometric scale (1–100 nm) with unique properties. Although there are different types of nanomaterials, which can be metals or non-metals, or of another type, carbon-based nanomaterials are interesting due to their particular characteristics and their wide variety of applications in different areas of science and technology. In agriculture, they have been gaining interest, since they have been shown to have antifungal and antibacterial activity and the ability to induce biostimulation in plants. These unique properties of carbon nanomaterials can be used to control pathogens that affect crop plants.
