ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces the concepts of applied research and evidence-based practice and describes the different levels of evidence based on research type. It explains three primary research approaches and their corresponding rationales and assumptions and discusses similarities and differences between research and practice. Basic research is concerned with the advancement of knowledge that may or may not have immediate and specific application to practical concerns. Applied research involves systematic investigation related to the pursuit of knowledge in practical realms or to solve real-world problems. Conducting applied research in authentic settings has the potential to advance science, to document changes in behavior, and to establish responsibility for the change. There are a number of research approaches available to the scientist-practitioner who chooses to add evidence in support of a particular practice he or she is using or is considering for use.
